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NEWS: To what extent are Africa's megacities equipped and prepared to cope with the impacts of climate change?

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The health repercussions of climate change in African cities require immediate attention. These urban areas find themselves on the front lines, facing rising temperatures and worsening air pollution. To safeguard both people and the environment, governments must act decisively. They must channel investments into green infrastructure, champion clean energy initiatives, and bolster healthcare systems. African cities face substantial health challenges due to climate change, including flood risks, droughts, and the spread of vector-borne diseases. Droughts are a significant cause of mortality globally and are indirectly linked to extreme heat. Indirect health issues arise through food-borne and vector-borne diseases, non-communicable illnesses, displacement, and mental health stressors. Air pollution intensifies with fossil fuel combustion, contributing to over 5 million deaths annually. African cities have responded by implementing policies to minimize resource consumption and reduce gree
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CAREERTIPS: 4 types of guarantees every Construction Professional should be familiar with

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A Contractor is usually required to provide at least one guarantee when he is awarded a contract. Here is why:

A guarantee
  • provides the Employer with security in the event of default or non-performance by the Contractor; and
  • can be issued by insurance companies or banks (the guarantor).
  •  can be called upon by the Employer if:
    •  the Contractor has failed to perform; and
    •  the Employer himself is not in breach of the contract.
There are various forms of guarantees involved in a construction project. The main types of guarantees are:

Advance Payment Guarantees

The Employer may agree to give the Contractor money upfront to assist him with site mobilisation costs and deposit payments to suppliers. The advance payment guarantee protects the Employer if the Contractor fails to repay any of the amounts due to the Employer.

Retention Guarantees

The retention guarantee replaces the retention money usually held by the Employer. It can be called upon by the Employer if the Contractor fails to properly complete the work or fails to correct all defective work after practical completion has been reached.

Performance Guarantees

The performance guarantee protects the Employer against the risk of increased cost of completion if the Contractor fails to perform his contractual obligations. Such cost can include appointing a new contractor to complete the work.

Bid bonds / Tender Guarantees

The Employer may request that a bid must include a bid bond/tender guarantee. The Employer may call upon this guarantee in the event that the bid is retracted, and he incurs costs as a result of it.




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