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NEWS: Coastal wetlands are unable to adapt to the rate of sea-level rise and are constrained by infrastructure

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Wetlands, precious ecosystems that shield coastlines, safeguard drinking water from saltwater contamination, and nourish diverse wildlife, face a dire threat from the accelerating pace of sea-level rise, driven by global warming. Wetlands have historically adapted to rising sea levels by expanding upward and inland. However, predictions indicate that the waterline will soon shift far too rapidly for wetlands to keep pace. Consequently, future decades may witness the tragic loss of these vital wetland ecosystems. Wetlands along coastlines have historically played valuable roles for people and wildlife, but are now facing the threat of sea-level rise. As temperatures rise, sea levels are rising at an accelerating rate, and wetlands are unable to keep pace by building upward and migrating inland. This is due to human-induced climate change and the burning of fossil fuels, which has warmed the oceans and melted glaciers. Sea levels are now rising at about 10 millimeters per year, and are
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CAREERTIPS: 5 key things things Construction Professionals should understand about variations to the works

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1. What is a variation?

A “variation” means any change to the original scope of work, which can be an addition or omission to the work. Such changes can have an impact on the:

• cost; and

• completion time

of the project.


2. How are variation orders issued?

Most standard form contracts require that a variation must be in writing to be valid. Only the person with the necessary authority in terms of the contract can issue such an instruction (usually the Principal Agent / Engineer). These instructions are known as variation orders.


3. What do you do if the instruction to vary is not in writing?

If the Contractor is verbally instructed to perform extra work, and the contract requires such an instruction to be in writing, he should write to the Principal Agent / Engineer to request a variation order in writing.


4. When do variations occur?

Variations can be due to, but not limited, to the following:

• additions or omissions to the scope of work;

• changes to the quantity of work; or

• removal of a part of the scope of work.

It is important to read your contract to know exactly what would constitute a variation.


5. How to value a variation?

When a variation order is given, the Contractor will usually be required to submit a valuation of the variation. It is important for the Contractor to understand:

• how such a valuation should be submitted; and

• the timeframe in which the valuation should be submitted. 






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